The development of artificial intelligence (AI) weapons may be much more difficult to control than nuclear weapons, argued former US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, during an event organised by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). According to Kissinger, such a risk is augmented by the fact that AI weapons are most likely to be developed in secret: ‘With AI, the other side’s ignorance is one of your best weapons’. Kissinger has spoken before about AI. In an article published in The Atlantic in June 2018, he warned about three areas of special concern regarding the development of AI: AI may achieve unintended results; in achieving intended goals, AI may change human values and thought processes; and AI may reach unintended goals, but be unable to explain the rationale for its conclusions.